A Herbalist's view of Hawthorn
Hawthorn is a remedy for the heart. Traditionally,the berries (haws) were used but recent research suggests that the flowers may be even more effective. Unlike many herbal remedies there is a considerable body of research evidence, including a few double-blind clinical trials, supporting its effectiveness.
I would normally include some fluid extract of hawthorn in the prescription for any patient with high blood pressure, angina or congestive heart disease. The remedy can be taken long term and there are no contraindications or significant adverse effects known. It is said to act in synergy with digitalis and beta-blockers so some adjustment of dosage may be required.
There are two groups of biochemicals thought to be responsible for the therapeutic action of this plant: the oligomeric procyanidins and the flavonoids. The first group are of interest because of their antioxidant action, while the flavonoids include compounds which dilate the coronary arteries, improving blood supply to the heart muscle.
Both Crataegus laevigata (C.oxycantha/oxycanthoides) and C.monogyna are used.
There is also much folklore surrounding hawthorn. If hung outside a house it is said to prevent the entry of evil spirits but, brought indoors, is thought to precede a death. The belief might be attributed to the unusual smell of the flowers. The responsible compound, triethylamine, is the first to be released as a body decays!
One final year student on the BSc Herbal Medicine course researched hawthorn for a botany presentation. Alongside many fascinating facts she found that the leaves were used as a substitute for tea and tobacco during World War 1 and the seeds ground instead of coffee. She concluded her presentation by distributing samples of hawthorn and honeysuckle wine to her tutor and fellow students. It tasted wonderful!
© Caroline Wheeler September 2005
References
- Mills S and Bone K (2000) Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy. Churchill Livingstone
- Pope M (2005) Hawthorn – presentation as part of final year work towards BSc (Hons) Herbal Medicine, University of East London
Caroline's Herbal and Nutritional Medicine serving Ipswich - Suffolk, Manningtree and Colchester - Essex